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    Customizing Linux CVM Configurations

    Last updated: 2024-01-06 18:00:25
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      Besides the quick configuration template, you can also create CVMs with custom configurations as needed.

      Registration

      Before using a CVM instance, you need to perform the following operations:
      1. A new user needs to sign up for an account on the Tencent Cloud website. For detailed directions, see Signing Up.
      2. Visit the Tencent Cloud CVM introduction page and click Buy Now.

      Basic Configuration

      Note:
      For accounts that are making purchases for the first time, the Quick Configuration page appears by default. For accounts that have made purchases before, the Custom Configuration page appears by default. If you have never purchased a CVM instance, select Custom Configuration.
      1. Configure the following information as prompted by the page:
      Item
      Required
      Description
      Yes
      Select one as needed:
      Pay-as-you-go: It is an elastic billing method of CVM applicable to scenarios such as e-commerce flash sales, where demand will fluctuate significantly in an instant.
      Spot instance: It is a new instance operation mode applicable to scenarios such as big data computing and online website service using load balancing. Its general price range is 10%–20% of a pay-as-you-go instance.
      Region
      Yes
      Select the region closest to your users to minimize the access latency and improve the access speed
      AZ
      Yes
      Select one as needed. If you want to purchase multiple CVM instances, we recommend you select different AZs to implement disaster recovery. For more information, see Regions and AZs.
      Instance
      Yes
      Tencent Cloud provides different instance types based on the underlying hardware. For optimal performance, we recommend you use instance types of the latest generation.
      For more information on instances, see Instance Types.
      Image
      Yes
      Tencent Cloud provides public images, custom images, and shared images. For more information on images, see Image Types.
      We recommend new Tencent Cloud users select a public image.
      Yes
      It is used for OS installation and defaults to 50 GB.
      Available cloud disk types vary by region. Select one as instructed on the page.
      For more information on cloud disks, see Cloud Disk Types.
      No
      It is used to scale up the storage capacity of the CVM instance to ensure high efficiency and reliability. It is not added by default.
      For more information on cloud disks, see Cloud Disk Types.
      Scheduled Snapshot
      No
      A scheduled snapshot policy can be set for the system disk or data disk. For more information, see Scheduled Snapshots.
      Quantity
      Yes
      It indicates the quantity of CVM instances to be purchased.
      2. Click Next: Set Network and CVM to enter the instance settings page.

      Network and CVM

      1. Configure the following information as prompted by the page:
      Item
      Required
      Description
      Network
      Yes
      It is a logically isolated network space built in Tencent Cloud. A VPC includes at least one subnet. The system provides a default VPC and subnet for each region.
      If the existing VPC or subnet does not meet your requirements, you can create a VPC or subnet in the VPC console.
      Note:
      By default, resources in the same VPC are interconnected over the private network.
      When purchasing a CVM instance, make sure that the CVM instance and its subnet are in the same AZ.
      Public IP
      No
      If your CVM instance needs to access the public network, you need to assign a public IP for it. You can assign the public IP when creating the CVM instance or configure an EIP after the creation.
      Bill-by-bandwidth mode
      No
      Tencent Cloud provides two network billing modes. You can select one as needed.
      Bill-by-traffic: Billing is based on traffic that is actually used. You can specify a peak bandwidth to prevent charges incurred by unexpected traffic. Packet loss will occur when the instantaneous bandwidth exceeds this value. This is applicable to scenarios where the network connection fluctuates significantly.
      Bill-by-bandwidth package: Select this aggregated billing mode when your public network instances have traffic peaks at different times. It is applicable to large-scale businesses where traffic can be staggered between different instances using the public network.
      For more information, see Public Network Billing.
      Bandwidth value
      No
      You can set the maximum public network bandwidth of the CVM instance as needed. For more information, see Public Network Bandwidth Cap.
      Security group
      Yes
      Used to configure the network access policies for one or more CVM instances. Make sure that login port 22 is open. For more information, see Security Group.
      Tag
      No
      You can add tags for the CVM instance as needed, which can be used to categorize, search for, and aggregate cloud resources. For more information, see Overview.
      Instance name
      No
      The name of the CVM to be created.
      It is user-defined. We recommendCVM-01.
      Login Methods
      Yes
      Configure the method to log in to the CVM as needed.
      Set Password: Customize the password for logging in to the instance.
      SSH Key Pair: Associate the instance with an SSH key to ensure secure login to the CVM. If no key is available or existing keys are inappropriate, click Create Now to create a key. For more information on SSH keys, see SSH Keys.
      Random Password: A password will be automatically generated and sent to you in Message Center.
      Instance Termination Protection
      No
      It is not enabled by default. You can enable it as needed. Then, you cannot terminate an instance in the console or via the API. For more information, see Enabling Instance Termination Protection.
      Security enhancement
      No
      By default, security service is enabled for free to help you build a CVM security system to prevent data leakage.
      Tencent Cloud Observability Platform
      No
      CM is activated by default. It provides comprehensive CVM data monitoring, smart data analysis, real-time fault alarms, and custom data reports to precisely monitor Tencent Cloud services and the health conditions of CVM instances.
      Automation Assistant
      No
      It is enabled free of charge by default. As the native Ops and deployment tool of CVM, it can automatically run shell commands in batches and complete various tasks such as running automated Ops scripts, polling processes, installing/uninstalling software, updating applications, and installing patches, without the need to connect to the instance remotely.
      Advanced settings
      No
      Configure additional settings for the instance as needed.
      Hostname: You can customize the name of the computer in the CVM operating system. After a CVM instance is created, you can log in to it to view the hostname.
      Project: The default project is selected. You can select an existing project as needed to manage different CVM instances.
      CAM Role: You can set a role and use it to grant role entity the permissions to access CVM services and resources and perform operations in Tencent Cloud. For detailed directions, see Managing Roles.
      Placement Group: You can add the instances to placement groups to improve your business availability. For detailed directions, see Placement Group.
      Custom Data: You can configure an instance by specifying custom data, and the configured scripts will run when an instance is launched. If multiple CVM instances are purchased together, the custom data will run on all CVM instances. The Linux operating system supports the Shell format and a maximum of 16 KB of raw data. For more information, see Configuring Custom Data (Linux CVM).
      Note: Custom data configuration only supports certain public images with the Cloud-Init service. For more information, see Cloud-Init.
      2. Click Next: Confirm Configuration to enter the configuration information confirmation page.

      Confirming Configuration

      1. Check the configuration items and billing details of the CVM instance to be purchased.
      2. Read and indicate your consent to the Tencent Cloud Terms of Service.
      3. You can perform the following operations as needed:
      Select Save as Launch Template to save the configuration of this instance as a launch template, based on which you can quickly create instances. For more information, see Managing Instance Startup Template.
      Select Generate API Explorer Reusable Script to generate the OpenAPI reusable script code for instance creation corresponding to the selected configuration. You can save the code for purchasing CVM instances with the same configuration. For more information, see Generating API Explorer Reusable Scripts to Create Instances.
      4. Click Buy Now or Activate and make the payment. After making the payment, you can log in to the CVM console to check your CVM instance. Information such as the instance name, public IP address, private IP address, login username, and initial login password of the CVM will be sent to your account through the Message Center. You can use this information to log in to and manage your instances. To ensure the security of your CVM, please change your CVM login password as soon as possible.

      Logging in to the Instance

      After completing CVM operations, you can log in to your CVM on the Tencent Cloud console and perform operations such as building a site as needed. Select a method for logging in to the CVM on the Tencent Cloud console as needed:
      Logging in to Linux Instance Using Standard Login Method
      Logging In to Linux Instances (Remote Login)
      Log in to a Linux Instance via an SSH Key

      Disk Formatting and Partitioning

      If you added a data disk when selecting the instance type, you need to format and partition the data disk after logging in to the CVM instance. If you have not added any data disks, skip this step. Select the appropriate operations guide according to the disk capacity and the CVM operating system.
      For a disk smaller than 2 TB: Initializing a Cloud Disk (Linux)
      For a disk equal to or larger than 2 TB: Initializing a Cloud Disk (Linux)
      For more operations, see Initialization Scenarios.
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