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MQTT over QUIC
Last updated:2026-01-30 14:59:41
MQTT over QUIC
Last updated: 2026-01-30 14:59:41

Background Introduction

MQTT protocol requires an underlying transport that provides an ordered, lossless, stream of bytes from the Client to Server and Server to Client.

QUIC protocol can meet MQTT's transport layer requirements. As the transport layer protocol for HTTP 3.0, it has the following key characteristics:
Lower latency:QUIC design integrates TLS and implements features such as 0-RTT, resulting in lower connection latency.
Multiplexing: QUIC is implemented based on UDP, and does not have the TCP head-of-line-blocking problem between multiple streams.
Connection migration: QUIC uses Connection ID to maintain sessions. When the 5-tuple changes, connection migration can restore sessions, avoiding the reconstruction of stateful protocol sessions at the business layer such as MQTT Session.
Weak network capabilities: More advanced packet loss handling algorithms and congestion control algorithms make QUIC better suited for use in poor network environments.


MQTT over QUIC

Note:
MQTT over QUIC currently provides only experimental support and is not recommended for production environments.

Access Point

Protocol
Port
ALPN
QUIC
14567
mqtt

Example

OpenSSL
openssl s_client -quic -connect mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:14567 -alpn mqtt
Sample Output
(base) ➜  rocketmq-mqtt git:(develop) ✗ openssl s_client -quic -connect mqtt-xxx.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com:14567 -alpn mqtt
Connecting to 127.0.0.1
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=2 C=US, ST=New Jersey, L=Jersey City, O=The USERTRUST Network, CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority
verify return:1
depth=1 C=CN, O=WoTrus CA Limited, CN=WoTrus DV Server CA  [Run by the Issuer]
verify return:1
depth=0 CN=*.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:CN=*.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com
   i:C=CN, O=WoTrus CA Limited, CN=WoTrus DV Server CA  [Run by the Issuer]
   a:PKEY: RSA, 2048 (bit); sigalg: sha256WithRSAEncryption
   v:NotBefore: Apr  3 00:00:00 2025 GMT; NotAfter: May  3 23:59:59 2026 GMT
 1 s:C=CN, O=WoTrus CA Limited, CN=WoTrus DV Server CA  [Run by the Issuer]
   i:C=US, ST=New Jersey, L=Jersey City, O=The USERTRUST Network, CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority
   a:PKEY: RSA, 2048 (bit); sigalg: sha384WithRSAEncryption
   v:NotBefore: Jan  8 00:00:00 2020 GMT; NotAfter: Jan  7 23:59:59 2030 GMT
 2 s:C=US, ST=New Jersey, L=Jersey City, O=The USERTRUST Network, CN=USERTrust RSA Certification Authority
   i:C=GB, ST=Greater Manchester, L=Salford, O=Comodo CA Limited, CN=AAA Certificate Services
   a:PKEY: RSA, 4096 (bit); sigalg: sha384WithRSAEncryption
   v:NotBefore: Mar 12 00:00:00 2019 GMT; NotAfter: Dec 31 23:59:59 2028 GMT
 3 s:C=GB, ST=Greater Manchester, L=Salford, O=Comodo CA Limited, CN=AAA Certificate Services
   i:C=GB, ST=Greater Manchester, L=Salford, O=Comodo CA Limited, CN=AAA Certificate Services
   a:PKEY: RSA, 2048 (bit); sigalg: sha1WithRSAEncryption
   v:NotBefore: Jan  1 00:00:00 2004 GMT; NotAfter: Dec 31 23:59:59 2028 GMT
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIGPDCCBSSgAwIBAgIRAOk884vcqqt0VUZvXONQjUIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAw
XDELMAkGA1UEBhMCQ04xGjAYBgNVBAoTEVdvVHJ1cyBDQSBMaW1pdGVkMTEwLwYD
VQQDDChXb1RydXMgRFYgU2VydmVyIENBICBbUnVuIGJ5IHRoZSBJc3N1ZXJdMB4X
...
G2RXytk2VY7FtvKNEc7x5YXLmz4AbRXrSapESXD47g5/0Q6OBohZCKBE5WuieIkG
AVL9lPHd3MdTLZ9do2xs/4m8EvDGv4Nlo0ORsEykU9gyvRVlN+fcVQwMhI6Y7kms
IpzYem8HiB8rfQCr7sMlLw==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=CN=*.mqtt.tencenttdmq.com
issuer=C=CN, O=WoTrus CA Limited, CN=WoTrus DV Server CA  [Run by the Issuer]
---
No client certificate CA names sent
Peer signing digest: SHA256
Peer signature type: rsa_pss_rsae_sha256
Peer Temp Key: X25519, 253 bits
---
SSL handshake has read 0 bytes and written 0 bytes
Verification: OK
---
New, TLSv1.3, Cipher is TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Protocol: QUICv1
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS NOT supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
ALPN protocol: mqtt
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1.3
    Cipher    : TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
    Session-ID: 
    Session-ID-ctx: 
    Resumption PSK: 
    PSK identity: None
    PSK identity hint: None
    SRP username: None
    Start Time: 1757900693
    Timeout   : 7200 (sec)
    Verify return code: 0 (ok)
    Extended master secret: no
    Max Early Data: 0

Use Limits

1. Only supports IETF RFC9000 QUIC, and does not support early-stage gQUIC.
2. As MQTT over QUIC is currently in the experimental support phase, connection migration is not yet fully implemented.
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