Scenario

Drupal is a free and open-source content management framework written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License. Drupal provides a back-end framework for at least 2.3% of all websites worldwide – ranging from personal blogs to corporate sites. This article describes how to setup Drupal manually on a CVM.

To manually setup a Drupal-based personal website, you need to be familiar with Linux commands, such as using YUM to install software on CentOS. You should also be familiar with software usage and compatibility.

Software

This article describes how to install the following software

• Linux operating system. This article uses CentOS 7.6.
• Apache is a web server software. This article uses Apache 2.4.6.
• MariaDB is a database management system. This article uses MariaDB 10.4.8.
• PHP is a scripting language. This article uses PHP 7.0.33.
• Drupal is a content management framework. This article uses Drupal 8.1.1.

Prerequisites

You need a Linux CVM. If you have not purchased one yet, see this article for information on how to get started with a Linux CVM.

Directions

Step 1 Logging in to a Linux instance

Log in to a Linux instance using WebShell (recommended). You can also use other login methods that you are comfortable with:

• Log in to a Linux instance using remote login software.
• Log in to a Linux instance using SSH

Step 2 Setting up LAMP

After logging in, set up LAMP so you can run Drupal. Refer to this article for details.

Step 3 Downloading and installing Drupal

1. Run the following commands to download the Drupal install package to the root directory of your website.

   cd /var/www/html/

   wget wget http://ftp.drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-8.1.1.zip

2. Run the following commands to decompress the install package and rename the directory.

   unzip drupal-8.1.1.zip 

   mv drupal-8.1.1/ drupal/

Step 4 Configuring Drupal

1. Run the following command to open the Apache configuration file.

   vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

2. Press i to enter edit mode. Find AllowOverride None in Directory "/var/www/html"></Directory> and replace it with the following:

   AllowOverride All

   The result is shown below:
   
3. Press Esc to exit edit mode and enter :wq to save the file and return.
4. Run the following command to change the access permission of the root directory of the website for the user apache.

   chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html

5. Run the following command to reboot Apache service.

   systemctl restart httpd

Configure a database for Drupal

Instructions for configuring MariaDB user credentials may vary depending on different versions. Consult official MariaDB website for details.

1. Run the following command to enter MariaDB.

   mysql

2. Run the following command to create a database named drupal.

   CREATE DATABASE drupal;

3. Run the following command to create a new user user and set its password to 123456.

   CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

4. Run the following command and grand user all privileges to drupal.

   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON drupal.* TO 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

5. Run the following command to apply all configurations.

   FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

6. Run the following command to exit MariaDB.

   \q

Configure root

1. Run the following command to enter MariaDB.

   mysql

2. Run the following command to set a password for root.

   MariaDB 10.4 for CentOS now allows root account to log in without password. Run the following command to set a password for root and record it in a secure location.

   ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING PASSWORD('your_pasword');

3. Run the following command to exit MariaDB.

   \q

Step 5 Installing and configuring Drupal

1. Open a browser window on your local machine and visit the following address to install Drupal.

   http://CVM_Public_IP/drupal

2. Select the language of your preference and click Save and continue

3. Select Standard installation and click Save and continue

4. Input relevant database information configured in Configuring a database for Drupal. Click Save and continue

   Drupal installation now checks to see if all installation criteria are met. If so, installation starts. If not, error messages appear. Resolve them before continuing.

5. The configuration page loads automatically after installation is completed. Input information and click Save and continue

   Record your maintenance username and password.

6. The homepage of your Drupal loads automatically. Use the maintenance username and password to log in
   You have now successfully set up your Drupal website. Customize your experience as you see fit.

FAQ

If you encounter a problem when using CVM, refer to the following documents for troubleshooting based on your actual situation.

• For issues regarding CVM login, see Password Login and SSH Key Login and Login and Remote Access.
• For issues regarding the CVM network, see IP Addresses and Ports and Security Groups.
• For issues regarding CVM disks, see System and Data Disks.