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TencentDB for MongoDB
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    Connecting to TencentDB for MongoDB Instance

    Last updated: 2021-06-10 15:49:15
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      After you initialize your instance, you can access the database by using MongoDB shell or drivers in various programming languages to perform management operations.

      A CVM instance can be used to connect to the private IP that is automatically assigned to a TencentDB instance. This access method relies on the high-speed private network of Tencent Cloud and features low delay. Both instances should be under the same account and reside in the same VPC in the same region or reside in the classic network. Public network access is not supported for the time being.

      Note：

      CVM and TencentDB instances in different VPCs (under the same or different accounts in the same or different regions) can be interconnected over private network through CCN.

      Prerequisites

      To connect to a TencentDB for MongoDB instance, a driver on v3.2 or above is required. You are recommended to use the latest version of client driver to ensure optimal compatibility, such as shell kit, Java jar package, PHP expansion, and Node.js module. For more information, please see MongoDB Drivers.

      Connection Methods

      Through shell

      The mongo shell is an interactive JavaScript shell that comes with MongoDB where you can use command lines to interact with MongoDB instances. You can use the mongo shell to query and update data as well as perform administrative operations.

      The mongo shell is included as part of the MongoDB server installation. You need to download and install MongoDB server and then use the mongo shell to connect to your TencentDB for MongoDB instance. To download the MongoDB server, please visit here. The specific connection steps are as follows:

      
   cd <mongodb installation dir>
./bin/mongo -umongouser -plxh2081* 172.x.x.56:27017/admin
      Note：

      In the above example, the -u parameter specifies the username, the -p parameter specifies the password, and 172.x.x.56 and 27017 specify the IP and port of the MongoDB instance, respectively.

      Through URI

      MongoDB can be connected to by passing in parameters or by using URI (supported by most drivers). Connection to MongoDB through URI is officially recommended by MongoDB.

      Note：

      The connection method for MongoDB replica set instances (v4.0) is different from that of other editions. Three IPs are provided on v4.0 for access, corresponding to three nodes in a replica set. When connecting your business in a production environment, you are recommended to configure three IPs in the connection string to make the connection more secure and efficient. For more information, please see Replica Set Instance (v4.0) Connection Description.

      Below are some typical URIs:

      • Sample 1
        
mongodb://username:password@IP:27017/admin
      • Sample 2
        
mongodb://username:password@IP:27017/somedb?authSource=admin
      • Sample 3
        
mongodb://username:password@IP:27017/somedb?authSource=admin&readPreference=secondaryPreferred

      The parameters in the above URIs are described as follows:

      Parameter Description Required
      mongodb:// A specific string indicating the MongoDB protocol Yes
      username Username used to log in to MongoDB instance Yes. For more information, please see Default user below
      password User password used to log in to MongoDB instance Yes
      IP:27017 IP and port of MongoDB instance Yes
      /admin Database to be authenticated, which is always admin for TencentDB for MongoDB Yes. For more information, please see Authentication database below
      authMechanism=MONGODB-CR Authentication mechanism For more information, please see Authentication mechanism below
      authSource=admin Database used for authentication, which is always admin for TencentDB for MongoDB Yes. For more information, please see Authentication database below
      readPreference=secondaryPreferred You can specify to read a secondary database first No. For more information, please see Primary/Secondary priority for read operations

      Only some of the parameters for the URI used to connect to MongoDB are listed here. For more information, please see Connection String URI Format.

      #### Default user TencentDB for MongoDB's default user varies by version. Default users `rwuser` and `mongouser` have been built in the latest instances. Legacy instances only have `rwuser`. We will upgrade the legacy instances and will contact you before the upgrade. You can view user accounts and manage their permissions to meet your actual business needs on the database management page in the [TencentDB for MongoDB console](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/mongodb).

      • Sample URI for rwuser (authenticated with MONGODB-CR)
        Only rwuser is authenticated with MONGODB-CR:

        
mongodb://rwuser:password@10.66.100.186:27017/admin?authMechanism=MONGODB-CR
Or
mongodb://rwuser:password@10.66.100.186:27017/somedb?authMechanism=MONGODB-CR&authSource=admin

      • Sample URI for mongouser (authenticated with SCRAM-SHA-1)
        Both mongouser and users created in the TencentDB for MongoDB console are authenticated with SCRAM-SHA-1:

        
mongodb://mongouser:password@10.66.100.186:27017/admin
Or
mongodb://mongouser:password@10.66.100.186:27017/somedb?authSource=admin
      #### Authentication database TencentDB for MongoDB uses the `admin` database as the authentication database during login authentication, so the port in a URI must be followed by `/admin` to specify it. After authentication, you can switch to a specific business database for reads/writes. Below is a sample URI: 
      
mongodb://username:password@IP:27017/admin
      You can also directly access the target database by specifying the target database for reads/writes and an additional authentication database parameter (`authSource=admin`). Below is a sample URI: 
      
mongodb://username:password@IP:27017/somedb?authSource=admin
      You must use one of the above methods to add `admin` as the authentication database into the URI. #### Authentication mechanism MongoDB supports multiple authentication mechanisms, and SCRAM-SHA-1 is recommended officially. TencentDB for MongoDB supports two authentication methods: MONGODB-CR and SCRAM-SHA-1. TencentDB for MongoDB has two default users (`rwuser` and `mongouser`) and supports creating other users in the [TencentDB for MongoDB console](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/mongodb). These users are divided into two categories and subject to different authentication mechanisms as detailed below:
      Username Authentication Mechanism Processing in URI
      rwuser MONGODB-CR The parameter authMechanism=MONGODB-CR must be added
      mongouser and other users created in the console SCRAM-SHA-1 (recommended) No parameter needs to be added
      #### Primary/Secondary priority for read operations TencentDB for MongoDB provides a load balancing IP to access the entire replica set. If you want to specify to read a secondary database, add the `readPreference` parameter in the URI. Relevant values are described as follows:
      Value Description Default
      primary Reads the primary node only. Yes
      primaryPreferred Reads the primary node first. If it is not available, a secondary node will be read. No
      secondary Reads a secondary node only. If it is not available, an error will be reported. No
      secondaryPreferred Reads a secondary node first. If it is not available, the primary node will be read. No

      To specify to read a secondary node first, you can configure the URI as follows:

      
mongodb://username:password@IP:27017/admin?readPreference=secondaryPreferred

      Connection Samples

      Through shell

      Through URI

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