通过 API 访问集群

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通过 API 访问集群

最后更新时间：2021-05-18 16:02:49

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Elasticsearch 提供了功能全面的 RESTful API 与集群交互，详情请参见 Elasticsearch 官方的 API 文档。

腾讯云 ES 构建在用户 VPC 内，用户可以通过位于同一 VPC 下的 CVM 作为客户端访问 ES 集群。可通过内网访问和外网访问两种方式访问 ES 集群，外网访问存在安全风险，需谨慎开启。

说明：

外网访问仅用于开发调试，因系统会限制调用频次，所以不能用于生产环境。

当前 ES 公网访问不计费，带宽10M。

查看内外网访问地址

在集群列表页，单击【集群 ID】进入详情页：

对于内网地址，在基础配置中可直接查看。
对于外网地址，出于安全考虑默认是关闭的。对于已开启 ES 集群用户登录认证的集群，支持开启公网地址。开启公网访问可能会为集群引入安全风险，同时也将允许通过 API 直接访问、操作甚至删除在 ElasticSearch 集群中的数据，请谨慎开启。

基本配置

测试访问

可通过 curl 的方式测试访问集群，不支持通过 ping 的方式测试连通性。

测试服务是否可访问

说明：

对于已开启 ES 集群用户登录认证的集群，登录时需要用户名和密码认证，具体规则为curl action -u user:password host ...，需要将 user、password 替换为自己实际的用户名和密码，将 host 替换为自己的 IP。

下面将以内网地址访问来演示各访问操作。

输入命令：

curl -XGET http://10.0.17.2:9200
若开启了ES集群用户登录认证，请注意输入用户名密码
curl -XGET -u user:password http://10.0.17.2:9200

返回如下，表示集群访问正常，具体参数的值会根据集群的版本有所不同：

{
 "name": "15589826570000*****",
 "cluster_name": "es-******",
 "cluster_uuid": "NGIm1M_zRw-L3o_gH****",
 "version": {
   "number": "6.4.3",
   "build_flavor": "default",
   "build_type": "zip",
   "build_hash": "fe40335",
   "build_date": "2019-05-17T14:22:47.286024Z",
   "build_snapshot": false,
   "lucene_version": "7.4.0",
   "minimum_wire_compatibility_version": "5.6.0",
   "minimum_index_compatibility_version": "5.0.0"
 },
 "tagline": "You Know, for Search"
}

创建文档

创建单个文档

若集群未开启用户登录认证，输入命令行：

curl -XPUT http://10.0.0.2:9200/china/city/beijing -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"name":"北京市",
"province":"北京市",
"lat":39.9031324643,
"lon":116.4010433787,
"x":6763,
"level.range":4,
"level.level":1,
"level.name":"一线城市",
"y":6381,
"cityNo":1
}
'

若集群已开启用户登录认证，需要将下文中的 user、password 替换为自己集群实际的用户名和密码。输入命令行：

curl -XPUT -u user:password http://10.0.0.2:9200/china/city/beijing -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"name":"北京市",
"province":"北京市",
"lat":39.9031324643,
"lon":116.4010433787,
"x":6763,
"level.range":4,
"level.level":1,
"level.name":"一线城市",
"y":6381,
"cityNo":1
}
'

响应如下：

{
 "_index":"china",
 "_type":"city",
 "_id":"beijing",
 "_version":1,
 "result":"created",
 "_shards":{
     "total":2,
     "successful":1,
     "failed":0
 },
 "created":true
}

创建多个文档

输入命令行：

curl -XPOST http://10.0.0.2:9200/_bulk -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{ "index" : { "_index": "china", "_type" : "city", "_id" : "beijing" } }
{"name":"北京市","province":"北京市","lat":39.9031324643,"lon":116.4010433787,"x":6763,"level.range":4,"level.level":1,"level.name":"一线城市","y":6381,"cityNo":1}
{ "index" : { "_index": "china", "_type" : "city", "_id" : "shanghai" } }
{"name":"上海市","province":"上海市","lat":31.2319526784,"lon":121.469443249,"x":7779,"level.range":4,"level.level":1,"level.name":"一线城市","y":4409,"cityNo":2}
{ "index" : { "_index": "china", "_type" : "city", "_id" : "guangzhou" } }
{"name":"广州市","province":"广东省越秀区吉祥路79号","lat":23.1317146641,"lon":113.2595185241,"x":6173,"level.range":4,"level.level":1,"level.name":"一线城市","y":2560,"cityNo":3}
{ "index" : { "_index": "china", "_type" : "city", "_id" : "shenzhen" } }
{"name":"深圳市","province":"广东省福田区新园路37号","lat":22.5455465546,"lon":114.0527779134,"x":6336,"level.range":4,"level.level":1,"level.name":"一线城市","y":2429,"cityNo":4}
{ "index" : { "_index": "china", "_type" : "city", "_id" : "chengdu" } }
{"name":"成都市","province":"四川省锦江区红星路4段-88号-附1号","lat":30.6522796787,"lon":104.0725574128,"x":4387,"level.level":2,"level.range":19,"level.name":"新一线城市","y":4304,"cityNo":5}
{ "index" : { "_index": "china", "_type" : "city", "_id" : "hangzhou" } }
{"name":"杭州市","province":"浙江省拱墅区环城北路316号","lat":30.2753694112,"lon":120.1509063337,"x":7530,"level.level":2,"level.range":19,"level.name":"新一线城市","y":4182,"cityNo":6}
'

响应如下：

"took":9,"errors":false,"items":[{"index":{"_index":"china","_type":"city","_id":"beijing","_version":4,"result":"updated","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":false,"status":200}},{"index":{"_index":"china","_type":"city","_id":"shanghai","_version":2,"result":"updated","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":false,"status":200}},{"index":{"_index":"china","_type":"city","_id":"guangzhou","_version":1,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":true,"status":201}},{"index":{"_index":"china","_type":"city","_id":"shenzhen","_version":1,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":true,"status":201}},{"index":{"_index":"china","_type":"city","_id":"chengdu","_version":2,"result":"updated","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":false,"status":200}},{"index":{"_index":"china","_type":"city","_id":"hangzhou","_version":2,"result":"updated","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":false,"status":200}}]

更新文档

重复上文创建单个文档的输入代码，即可更新指定 ID beijing的文档。响应如下：

{"_index":"china","_type":"city","_id":"beijing","_version":2,"result":"updated","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":false}

查询文档

查询指定 ID

输入命令行：

curl -XGET 'http://10.0.0.2:9200/china/city/beijing?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'

响应如下：

{
 "_index" : "china",
 "_type" : "city",
 "_id" : "beijing",
 "_version" : 4,
 "found" : true,
 "_source" : {
   "name" : "北京市",
   "province" : "北京市",
   "lat" : 39.9031324643,
   "lon" : 116.4010433787,
   "x" : 6763,
   "level.range" : 4,
   "level.level" : 1,
   "level.name" : "一线城市",
   "y" : 6381,
   "cityNo" : 1
 }
}

查询某个索引

输入命令行：

curl -XGET 'http://10.0.0.2:9200/china/city/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'

响应如下：

{
 "took" : 0,
 "timed_out" : false,
 "_shards" : {
   "total" : 5,
   "successful" : 5,
   "skipped" : 0,
   "failed" : 0
 },
 "hits" : {
   "total" : 6,
   "max_score" : 1.0,
   "hits" : [
     {
       "_index" : "china",
       "_type" : "city",
       "_id" : "guangzhou",
       "_score" : 1.0,
       "_source" : {
         "name" : "广州市",
         "province" : "广东省越秀区吉祥路79号",
         "lat" : 23.1317146641,
         "lon" : 113.2595185241,
         "x" : 6173,
         "level.range" : 4,
         "level.level" : 1,
         "level.name" : "一线城市",
         "y" : 2560,
         "cityNo" : 3
       }
     }]
   },
   ......
}

复杂查询

模拟 SQL：

select * from city where level.level=2
curl -XGET http://10.0.0.2:9200/china/city/_search?pretty -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
   "query" : {
       "constant_score" : { 
           "filter" : {
               "term" : { 
                   "level.level" : 2
               }
           }
       }
   }
}'

响应如下：

{
 "took" : 2,
 "timed_out" : false,
 "_shards" : {
   "total" : 5,
   "successful" : 5,
   "skipped" : 0,
   "failed" : 0
 },
 "hits" : {
   "total" : 2,
   "max_score" : 1.0,
   "hits" : [
     {
       "_index" : "china",
       "_type" : "city",
       "_id" : "chengdu",
       "_score" : 1.0,
       "_source" : {
         "name" : "成都市",
         "province" : "四川省锦江区红星路4段-88号-附1号",
         "lat" : 30.6522796787,
         "lon" : 104.0725574128,
         "x" : 4387,
         "level.level" : 2,
         "level.range" : 19,
         "level.name" : "新一线城市",
         "y" : 4304,
         "cityNo" : 5
       }
     },
     {
       "_index" : "china",
       "_type" : "city",
       "_id" : "hangzhou",
       "_score" : 1.0,
       "_source" : {
         "name" : "杭州市",
         "province" : "浙江省拱墅区环城北路316号",
         "lat" : 30.2753694112,
         "lon" : 120.1509063337,
         "x" : 7530,
         "level.level" : 2,
         "level.range" : 19,
         "level.name" : "新一线城市",
         "y" : 4182,
         "cityNo" : 6
       }
     }
   ]
 }
}

聚合查询

模拟 SQL：

select level.level, count(1) from city group by level.level
curl -XGET http://10.0.0.2:9200/china/city/_search?pretty -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
   "size" : 0,
   "aggs" : { 
       "city_level" : { 
           "terms" : { 
             "field" : "level.level"
           }
       }
   }
}'

响应如下：

{
 "took" : 10,
 "timed_out" : false,
 "_shards" : {
   "total" : 5,
   "successful" : 5,
   "skipped" : 0,
   "failed" : 0
 },
 "hits" : {
   "total" : 7,
   "max_score" : 0.0,
   "hits" : [ ]
 },
 "aggregations" : {
   "city_level" : {
     "doc_count_error_upper_bound" : 0,
     "sum_other_doc_count" : 0,
     "buckets" : [
       {
         "key" : 1,
         "doc_count" : 4
       },
       {
         "key" : 2,
         "doc_count" : 3
       }
     ]
   }
 }
}

删除文档

删除单个文档

输入命令行：

curl -XDELETE 'http://10.0.0.2:9200/china/city/beijing?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'

响应如下：

{
 "found" : true,
 "_index" : "china",
 "_type" : "city",
 "_id" : "beijing",
 "_version" : 5,
 "result" : "deleted",
 "_shards" : {
   "total" : 2,
   "successful" : 2,
   "failed" : 0
 }
}

删除类型

curl -XDELETE 'http://10.0.0.2:9200/china/city?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'

删除索引

curl -XDELETE 'http://10.0.0.2:9200/china?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'

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Recent Pages

通过 API 访问集群

查看内外网访问地址

测试访问

测试服务是否可访问

创建文档

创建单个文档

创建多个文档

更新文档

查询文档

查询指定 ID

查询某个索引

复杂查询

聚合查询

删除文档

删除单个文档

删除类型

删除索引

本页内容是否解决了您的问题？

本页内容是否解决了您的问题？

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Recent Pages

通过 API 访问集群

查看内外网访问地址

测试访问

测试服务是否可访问

创建文档

创建单个文档

创建多个文档

更新文档

查询文档

查询指定 ID

查询某个索引

复杂查询

聚合查询

删除文档

删除单个文档

删除类型

删除索引

本页内容是否解决了您的问题？

本页内容是否解决了您的问题？