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Common Commands

Last updated: 2023-12-25 17:08:18
    This document describes the common Git commands.

    Create Repository

    $ git clone <url> # Clone a remote repository
    $ git init # Initialize a local repository

    Modify and Commit

    $ git status # View status
    $ git diff # View changes
    $ git add . # Track all files with changes
    $ git add <file> # Track a specific file
    $ git mv <old><new> # Rename a file
    $ git rm <file> # Delete a file
    $ git rm --cached <file> # Stop tracking a file without deleting it
    $ git commit -m "commit messages" # Commit all updated files
    $ git commit --amend # Modify the last change

    View Commit History

    $ git log # View commit history
    $ git log -p <file> # View the commit history of a specific file
    $ git blame <file> # View the commit history of a specific file as a list

    Revert

    $ git reset --hard HEAD # Discard all uncommitted modifications in the working directory
    $ git checkout HEAD <file> # Discard uncommitted modifications in a specific file
    $ git revert <commit> # Revert to a specific commit
    $ git log --before="1 days" # Show commits created 1 day ago

    Branch and Tag

    $ git branch # Show all local branches
    $ git checkout <branch/tag> # Switch to a specific branch and tag
    $ git branch <new-branch> # Create a new branch
    $ git branch -d <branch> # Delete a local branch
    $ git tag # List all local tags
    $ git tag <tagname> # Create a tag based on the latest commit
    $ git tag -d <tagname> # Delete a tag

    Merge and Rebase

    $ git merge <branch> # Merge a specific branch to the current branch
    $ git rebase <branch> # Rebase a specific branch to the current branch

    Remote Operations

    $ git remote -v # View remote repository information
    $ git remote show <remote> # View the information of a specific remote repository
    $ git remote add <remote> <url> # Add a remote repository
    $ git fetch <remote> # Fetch code from a remote repository
    $ git pull <remote> <branch> # Download code and merge
    $ git push <remote> <branch> # Upload code and merge
    $ git push <remote\\> :<branch/tag-name\\> # Delete a remote branch or tag
    $ git push --tags # Upload all tags
    For more information, see the Git Documentation.
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