Scenario

If you cannot install cloudinit in your Linux image, use Forced Image Import to import the image. If you use this image for import, which does not have cloudinit installed, Tencent Cloud cannot initialize your CVM. In this case, you need to set up the script on your own to configure the CVM based on the configuration file provided by Tencent Cloud. This document describes how to configure the CVM if the image is forcibly imported.

Tencent Cloud provides the user with CDROM device containing the configuration information. The user needs to mount CDROM and read the information of mount_point/qcloud_action/os.conf for configuration. If other configuration data or UserData needs to be used, the user can directly read files under mount_point/.

os.conf Configuration File

The content of os.conf is as follows.

hostname=VM_10_20_xxxx
password=GRSgae1fw9frsG.rfrF
eth0_ip_addr=10.104.62.201
eth0_mac_addr=52:54:00:E1:96:EB
eth0_netmask=255.255.192.0
eth0_gateway=10.104.0.1
dns_nameserver="10.138.224.65 10.182.20.26 10.182.24.12"

The parameter names above are for reference, and the values are used as examples only.

The description of each parameter in the os.conf configuration file is as follows:

Limits

• The image must meet the limits on Linux images as outlined in Import Images, except for cloudinit.
• The system partition for importing the image is not full.
• The imported image contains no vulnerability that can be exploited remotely.
• We recommend you change the password immediately after the instance is created successfully with the forcibly imported image.

Notes

Note the following when configuring script parsing:

• The script is executed automatically at startup. Please implement this requirement based on your operating system.
• Mount /dev/cdrom and read os_action/os.conf file under the mount point to obtain the configuration information.
• The password placed in CDROM by Tencent Cloud is encrypted. You can set new password with chpasswd -e.
• Note that the encrypted password may contain special characters. We recommend you place it in a file and then set the password with chpasswd -e < passwd_file.*
• When you use the forcibly imported image to create an instance and then create an image, you need to ensure that the script will still be executed to ensure that the instance is configured correctly. You can also install cloudinit in this instance.

Directions

Tencent Cloud provides a script sample based on CentOS. You can refer to it to create script for your images. During the creation, note that:

• The script must be properly placed in the system before image import.
• The script is not applicable to all operating systems. You need to modify it according to your own operating systems.

1. Create an os_config script based on the following script sample.
   You can modify the script as needed.

   #!/bin/bash
   ### BEGIN INIT INFO
   # Provides:          os-config
   # Required-Start:    $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs
   # Required-Stop:
   # Should-Stop:
   # Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
   # Default-Stop:      0 1 6
   # Short-Description: config of os-init job
   # Description: run the config phase without cloud-init
   ### END INIT INFO
   ###################user settings#####################
   cdrom_path=`blkid -L config-2`
   load_os_config() {
    mount_path=$(mktemp -d /mnt/tmp.XXXX)
    mount /dev/cdrom $mount_path
    if [[ -f $mount_path/qcloud_action/os.conf ]]; then
        . $mount_path/qcloud_action/os.conf
        if [[ -n $password ]]; then
            passwd_file=$(mktemp /mnt/pass.XXXX)
            passwd_line=$(grep password $mount_path/qcloud_action/os.conf)
            echo root:${passwd_line#*=} > $passwd_file
        fi
        return 0
    else 
        return 1
    fi
   }
   cleanup() {
    umount /dev/cdrom
    if [[ -f $passwd_file ]]; then
        echo $passwd_file
        rm -f $passwd_file
    fi
    if [[ -d $mount_path ]]; then
        echo $mount_path
        rm -rf $mount_path
    fi
   }
   config_password() {
    if [[ -f $passwd_file ]]; then
        chpasswd -e < $passwd_file
    fi
   }
   config_hostname(){
    if [[ -n $hostname ]]; then
        sed -i "/^HOSTNAME=.*/d" /etc/sysconfig/network
        echo "HOSTNAME=$hostname" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
    fi
   }
   config_dns() {
    if [[ -n $dns_nameserver ]]; then
        dns_conf=/etc/resolv.conf
        sed -i '/^nameserver.*/d' $dns_conf
        for i in $dns_nameserver; do
            echo "nameserver $i" >> $dns_conf
        done
    fi
   }
   config_network() {
    /etc/init.d/network stop
    cat << EOF > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
   DEVICE=eth0
   IPADDR=$eth0_ip_addr
   NETMASK=$eth0_netmask
   HWADDR=$eth0_mac_addr
   ONBOOT=yes
   GATEWAY=$eth0_gateway
   BOOTPROTO=static
   EOF
    if [[ -n $hostname ]]; then
        sed -i "/^${eth0_ip_addr}.*/d" /etc/hosts
        echo "${eth0_ip_addr} $hostname" >> /etc/hosts
    fi
    /etc/init.d/network start
   }
   config_gateway() {
    sed -i "s/^GATEWAY=.*/GATEWAY=$eth0_gateway" /etc/sysconfig/network
   }
   ###################init#####################
   start() {
    if load_os_config ; then
        config_password
        config_hostname
        config_dns
        config_network
        cleanup
        exit 0
    else 
        echo "mount ${cdrom_path} failed"
        exit 1
    fi
   }
   RETVAL=0
   case "$1" in
    start)
        start
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start}"
        RETVAL=3
    ;;
   esac
   exit $RETVAL

2. Place the os_config script in the /etc/init.d/ directory and execute the following command.

   chmod +x /etc/init.d/os_config
   chkconfig --add os_config

3. Execute the following command to check whether os_config has been added to the startup service.

   chkconfig --list

   You must ensure that the script is correctly executed. If you fail to connect to the instance via SSH or network exception occurs after the image import, try to connect to the instance via the console to execute the script again. If such problems remain, contact the customer service.