Forcibly Import Image

If you cannot install cloudinit in your Linux image for some reason, use Forced Image Import to import the image. At this point, Tencent Cloud cannot initialize your virtual machine. You need to define scripts to configure the virtual machine according to the configuration file provided by Tencent Cloud.

Limits and Configuration

Applying for Permission

Before using this feature, make sure that you have activated the image import permission. If you need to activate the permission, contact the Business Manager and submit relevant information to the ticket system.

Image Limits

• The image must meet the limits on importing Linux image in Import Image.
• The system partition for importing the image is not full.
• The imported image contains no vulnerability that can be exploited remotely.
• It is recommended that the user change the password immediately after the instance is created with forced image import.

Configuration of Image Import

Images forcedly imported by users do not use cloudinit, so automatic configuration is not available. Tencent Cloud provides the CDROM device containing configuration information for users to manually configure the images. Users need to mount the CDROM and read the configuration information from mount_point/qcloud_action/os.conf. Users can directly read the files in mount_point/ if other configuration data or UserData is required.

Content of os.conf Configuration File

The content of os.conf is as follows.

hostname=VM_10_20_xxxx
password=GRSgae1fw9frsG.rfrF
eth0_ip_addr=10.104.62.201
eth0_mac_addr=52:54:00:E1:96:EB
eth0_netmask=255.255.192.0
eth0_gateway=10.104.0.1
dns_nameserver="10.138.224.65 10.182.20.26 10.182.24.12"

The parameter names above are for reference, and the values are only for example purpose.

The description of the parameters is as follows:

Configuration Script Resolution

Notes

• The script must be executed on startup.
• Mount /dev/cdrom and read os_action/os.conf file under the mount point to obtain configuration information.
• The password placed in the CDROM by Tencent Cloud is encrypted. Users can set new password with chpasswd -e. Note that the encrypted password may contain special characters. It is recommended to place the password in a file and set it with chpasswd -e < passwd_file.
• When creating images from an instance created by forced image import, be sure to execute the script for proper configuration, or install cloudinit in the instance.

Example

Tencent Cloud provides an example script based on CentOS for users to define scripts for their images. Note that:

• The script must be properly placed in the system before image import.
• The script does not apply to all operating systems. Users need to modify it according to their own operating systems.
• The script must be set to execute on startup for normal use. Make the configuration according to the type of operating system. (For example, place the script os_config under /etc/init.d/ directory and execute the following command.)

chmod +x /etc/init.d/os_config
chkconfig --add os_config

Run chkconfig --list to check if os_config is added to the startup service.

• Users must ensure that the script is properly executed. If problems such as failed to connect to the instance via SSH and failed to connect network occur after importing the image, try to connect to the instance in the console to execute the script again. If the problem remains, contact Customer Service.

The following is the example script os_config. Users can modify the script as needed.

#!/bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          os-config
# Required-Start:    $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs
# Required-Stop:
# Should-Stop:
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: config of os-init job
# Description: run the config phase without cloud-init
### END INIT INFO

###################user settings#####################

cdrom_path=`blkid -L config-2`

load_os_config() {
    mount_path=$(mktemp -d /mnt/tmp.XXXX)
    mount /dev/cdrom $mount_path
    if [[ -f $mount_path/qcloud_action/os.conf ]]; then
        . $mount_path/qcloud_action/os.conf
        if [[ -n $password ]]; then
            passwd_file=$(mktemp /mnt/pass.XXXX)
            passwd_line=$(grep password $mount_path/qcloud_action/os.conf)
            echo root:${passwd_line#*=} > $passwd_file
        fi
        return 0
    else 
        return 1
    fi

}

cleanup() {
    umount /dev/cdrom
    if [[ -f $passwd_file ]]; then
        echo $passwd_file
        rm -f $passwd_file
    fi
    if [[ -d $mount_path ]]; then
        echo $mount_path
        rm -rf $mount_path
    fi
}

config_password() {
    if [[ -f $passwd_file ]]; then
        chpasswd -e < $passwd_file
    fi
}

config_hostname(){
    if [[ -n $hostname ]]; then
        sed -i "/^HOSTNAME=.*/d" /etc/sysconfig/network
        echo "HOSTNAME=$hostname" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
    fi
}

config_dns() {
    if [[ -n $dns_nameserver ]]; then
        dns_conf=/etc/resolv.conf
        sed -i '/^nameserver.*/d' $dns_conf
        for i in $dns_nameserver; do
            echo "nameserver $i" >> $dns_conf
        done
    fi
}

config_network() {
    /etc/init.d/network stop
    cat << EOF > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
IPADDR=$eth0_ip_addr
NETMASK=$eth0_netmask
HWADDR=$eth0_mac_addr
ONBOOT=yes
GATEWAY=$eth0_gateway
BOOTPROTO=static
EOF
    if [[ -n $hostname ]]; then
        sed -i "/^${eth0_ip_addr}.*/d" /etc/hosts
        echo "${eth0_ip_addr} $hostname" >> /etc/hosts
    fi
    /etc/init.d/network start
}

config_gateway() {
    sed -i "s/^GATEWAY=.*/GATEWAY=$eth0_gateway" /etc/sysconfig/network
}

###################init#####################
start() {
    if load_os_config ; then
        config_password
        config_hostname
        config_dns
        config_network
        cleanup
        exit 0
    else 
        echo "mount ${cdrom_path} failed"
        exit 1
    fi
}

RETVAL=0

case "$1" in
    start)
        start
        RETVAL=$?
    ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start}"
        RETVAL=3
    ;;
esac

exit $RETVAL